Explore the Ancient World Student Reseach Guide Guidelines
Research Tips

Book 1
  • Chapter 1
  • Chapter 2
  • Chapter 3
  • Chapter 4

  • Book 2
  • Chapter 1
  • Chapter 2
  • Chapter 3

  • Book 3
  • Chapter 1
  • Chapter 2
  • Chapter 3

  • Book 4
  • Chapter 1
  • Chapter 2
  • Chapter 3

  • Book 5
  • Chapter 1
  • Chapter 2
  • Chapter 3

  • Book 6
  • Chapter 1
  • Chapter 2
  • Chapter 3

  • Book 7
  • Chapter 1
  • Chapter 2
  • Chapter 3


  • Book 2: The Age of Exploration - Chapter 3: Vasco Núñez de Balboa

    Key Words: Vasco Núñez de Balboa, exploration and discovery, Darién, European Exploration, John Cabot, Juan Ponce de León, Hernando Cortés, Hernando de Soto, Francisco Vasquez de Coronado, Giovanni de Verrazzano, Jacques Cartier, Samuel de Champlain, Francisco Pizarro, Sir Walter Raleigh
    Fiction Books
    Baker, Betty. Walk the World's Rim. New York: Harper, 1965. Chaklo, an American Indian boy, travels from what is now Texas to Mexico City in the 1500s with explorer Cabeza de Vaca, a black slave named Estéban, and two other Spanish explorers. This book is currently out of print, but you may find it at your local library. 168 pages.

    Nonfiction Books
    Ash, Maureen. Vasco Núñez de Balboa. Danbury: Children's Press, Inc., 1990. This is a well illustrated retelling of Balboa's many expeditions in America. Although challenging reading, this is an excellent resource. 126 pages.

    Faber, Harold. The Discoveries of America. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1992. This volume for advanced readers covers the explorations of America from the earliest American Indians and Norsemen to the discovery and settlement of the Western states. 290 pages.

    Fritz, Jean. Around the World in a Hundred Years: Henry the Navigator to Magellan. New York: Putnam, 1993. The story of exploration from Ptolomy to Prince Henry the Navigator is told in this book about the 100 years when Europeans began exploring and mapping the globe. 128 pages.

    Goodman, Joan Elizabeth and Fernando Rangel. Beyond the Sea of Ice: Voyages of Henry Hudson. New York: Firefly Books, Ltd., 1999. A retelling of Henry Hudson's four voyages in search of a passage to Asia in the early 1600s and his discoveries on the northeastern coast of America. 48 pages.

    Grosseck, Joyce and Elizabeth Attwood. Great Explorers. Grand Rapids: Gateway Press, Inc., 1988. This book examines the daring people throughout history who were bold enough to venture into the unfamiliar world, from the Vikings to Neil Armstrong. There are Chapters on John Cabot, Vasco da Gama, Jacques Cartier, and Hernando de Soto. 160 pages.

    Guy, J.A. Drake and the 16th Century Explorers. New York: Barrons Juveniles, 1998. Featuring almost 100 illustrations, this book tells the exciting stories of Sir Francis Drake and other explorers in the 1500s. 32 pages.

    Hynson, Colin. Magellan & the Exploration of South America. New York: Barrons Juveniles, 1998. Ferdinand Magellan's crew was the first to circumnavigate the globe. This book includes reproductions of maps, historic scenes, ships, and weapons of the time. 32 pages.

    Lomask, Milton. Exploration: Great Lives. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1988. This book includes brief stories of the lives of 25 explorers who, through the centuries, have given us our present knowledge of the surface of the earth. This is a good source for information on John Cabot, Jacques Cartier, Christopher Columbus, Vasco da Gama, and Prince Henry. 258 pages.

    Maestro, Betsy and Giulio Maestro, illustrator. The Discovery of the Americas. New York: Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Books, 1991. This book offers an introduction to the major explorers of the New World, including Christopher Columbus, John Cabot, and Amerigo Vespucci. A thorough time line is included. Unpaged.

    Maestro, Betsy. Exploration and Conquest: The Americas After Columbus: 1500-1620. New York: Mulberry Books, 1997. This is a sequel to The Discovery of the Americas. This large format book features double-page spreads of full-color artwork. The text forms one long story introducing explorers such as Cortés, Pizarro, de Soto, and Cabot. 48 pages.

    Marcovitz, Hal. Vasco Núñez de Balboa and the Discovery of the South. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishing, 2002. A comprehensive, easy-to-read biography of Balboa that includes full-color illustrations, photographs, and maps. It also includes a chronology and glossary. 64 pages.

    O'Dell, Scott. The King's Fifth. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1966. This adventure story is told through the memories of Francisco Coronado's fifteen-year-old cartographer. 272 pages.

    Smith, Carter, ed. Explorers and Settlers: A Sourcebook on Colonial America. Brookfield: Millbrook Press, 1991. This reference book examines the exploration and settlement of colonial America by the Spanish, French, English, and Dutch. Contains illustrations from the Library of Congress collections. 96 pages.

    "Spanish Conquest." Cobblestone: The History Magazine for Young People. Mar. 1981. Peterborough: Cobblestone Publishing, Inc. Each issue contains easy-to-read articles, primary source readings, excellent illustrations, and occasional crafts and puzzles. Web site: cobblestonepub.com. About 50 pages.

    Valdman, Carl and Alan Wexler. Who Was Who in World Exploration. New York: Facts on File, 1992. This book is filled with facts on a wide range of explorers. 712 pages.

    Weisberg, Barbara. Coronado's Golden Quest. Austin: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1993. In a determined effort to find the fabled seven cities of gold, Conquistador Francisco Coronado marched through the southwestern United States and encountered Indians who fought to protect their land. 79 pages.

    Web Sites
    http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/dsxphome.html
    American Memory: Discovery and Exploration. View historic maps used by real-life navigators as they explored the Americas from the late 1400s to 1800s.

    http://www.civilization.ca/vmnf/explor/explcd_e.html
    The Virtual Museum of New France: the Explorers. The Virtual Museum of New France includes biographies of famous French explorers, like Jacques Cartier and Samuel de Champlain. In addition to their life stories, you can read about their famous explorations of North America and view historic paintings.

    http://www.pbs.org/conquistadors/
    Conquistadors. A modern-day reporter took a trip back to Spain to retrace the voyages of the most famous and most ruthless of the Spanish conquistadors, including Hernando Cortés and Francisco Pizarro. You can also view a time line of the conquests and view maps of the Americas.

    http://library.thinkquest.org/C001692/
    Voyage of Exploration–Discovering New Horizons. Why do explorers travel the world? Is it curiosity or the search for wealth? This web site, sponsored by ThinkQuest.org, gives you information to answer these questions with the use of first-hand accounts, biographies, time lines, and maps.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_and_Iroquois_Wars#Origins_of_the_conflict
    French and Iroquois Wars. Learn about the series of wars involving several groups of American Indians.